The Mythical Mount Meru in Hindu Cosmology
Introduction
Mount Meru, also known as Sumeru or Mahameru, is a mythical mountain that plays a central role in Hindu cosmology. It is believed to be the axis mundi, or the central axis of the universe, connecting the earth, heavens, and the underworld. Mount Meru is the abode of gods, goddesses, and other mythical beings and is a sacred site of pilgrimage and worship.
Geographical Location and Description
Mount Meru is described as being located at the center of the earth, surrounded by seven concentric rings of mountains. It is said to be made of gold and precious stones and is topped by a peak that resembles a crystal lotus. The mountain is surrounded by celestial gardens, which are home to a wide variety of divine plants and animals.
Symbolism and Significance
Mount Meru symbolizes stability, permanence, and the cosmic order. It is the abode of the gods and goddesses, the source of all rivers, and the place where enlightenment can be attained. The mountain is also said to be the abode of Shiva, the supreme god of Hinduism.
Inhabitants and Deities
Mount Meru is inhabited by a wide variety of divine beings, including gods, goddesses, and other mythical creatures. The most prominent deities associated with the mountain are Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva. Brahma, the creator god, is said to reside at the peak of the mountain, while Vishnu, the preserver god, is said to reside in the middle of the mountain. Shiva, the destroyer god, is said to reside at the base of the mountain.
Cosmic Rivers and Seven Seas
Mount Meru is the source of the four cosmic rivers: the Ganges, Yamuna, Saraswati, and Narmada. These rivers flow in all directions from the mountain, symbolizing the flow of life and the power of creation. The mountain is also surrounded by seven seas, which represent the different aspects of consciousness and the challenges that must be overcome on the path to enlightenment.
Mount Meru in Literature and Art
Mount Meru is frequently mentioned in Hindu scriptures, including the Puranas and epics such as the Ramayana and Mahabharata. It is also depicted in numerous works of art, including sculptures, paintings, and mandalas. These artistic representations often depict the mountain as a towering and majestic peak, surrounded by celestial gardens and divine beings.
Pilgrimage and Worship
Mount Meru is a sacred site of pilgrimage for Hindus. Pilgrims from all over the world come to the mountain to pay homage to the gods and goddesses who reside there. They also perform rituals, make offerings, and engage in spiritual practices in order to attain blessings and enlightenment.
Mount Meru in Other Traditions
The concept of a cosmic mountain is found in many other religious traditions around the world. In Buddhism, for example, Mount Meru is known as Mount Sumeru and is believed to be the center of the universe. In Jainism, Mount Meru is known as Mount Kailash and is believed to be the abode of the gods.
Conclusion
Mount Meru is a mythical mountain that plays a central role in Hindu cosmology. It is the abode of gods, goddesses, and other mythical beings, and it is the source of all rivers and the seven seas. Mount Meru is a symbol of stability, permanence, and the cosmic order, and it is a sacred site of pilgrimage and worship.
FAQ
Q: Where is Mount Meru located?
A: Mount Meru is located at the center of the earth, surrounded by seven concentric rings of mountains.
Q: What is the significance of Mount Meru?
A: Mount Meru is the abode of the gods and goddesses, the source of all rivers and the seven seas, and a symbol of stability, permanence, and the cosmic order.
Q: What is Mount Meru made of?
A: Mount Meru is said to be made of gold and precious stones.
Q: Who resides on Mount Meru?
A: Mount Meru is inhabited by a wide variety of divine beings, including gods, goddesses, and other mythical creatures.
Q: Why is Mount Meru important in Hinduism?
A: Mount Meru is a sacred site of pilgrimage for Hindus and is a symbol of the cosmic order and the path to enlightenment.
